Research Question #1: How are Shin Buddhism and mindfulness related?

Shin Buddhism and mindfulness are actually directly correlated but the general public who partakes in forms of mindfulness such as yoga are not aware that mindfulness is at the core of Nembutsu in Buddhism. Nembutsu means to keep the Buddha in mind and to keep the Buddha in mind means to keep the teachings close to your heart. A prominent, ancient Buddhist figure Shinran Shonin wrote in one of his writings called the Tannisho, about how everything else in life is temporary except Nembutsu, which should always be sought after and is the only real aspect of one's life.

As stated before in a different blog, one of the best examples of mindfulness used in a real-world situation by Japanese Shin Buddhists was during the Japanese internment camps in the west coast. Those forced into the camps have given very inspiriting personal anecdotes of how positively their mindset was throughout the whole process. They had to keep this positive state of mind and an integral part of that was accepting suffering as a part of life which is also a core value of Buddhism. They just focused on the present moment and how they could make the best of it while coincidingly acknowledging their current situation and not mourning over it.

Today mindfulness is practiced in all different ways but it is these core values of Shin Buddhism of where mindfulness originates from. When meditating, one is in a present state of a cleared mind free from harmful thought and keeps only the current present state of peace in mind just like how one should have peace through Nembutsu pursued at all times in life.

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Research Question #3: How does the Higashi Honganji make Shin Buddhism more appealing in an Americanized society?

As passing generations of Japanese Americans have become more and more Americanized, branch membership at the Higashi Honganji has faced both steady and sharp decline in recent years. To combat this trend, the Higashi Honganji has adopted new services to appeal to the newest generation of Japanese Americans and their families, including several new doctrines and practices which have been frowned upon by a number of Japan’s Buddhist bishops, such as promoting meditation as a means to achieve enlightenment. Despite this disapproval, however, the temple also recognized early on that it could not sustain membership in the long-run and survive on a solely Japanese or Japanese-American base of membership, and has since then tried to offer more services which are likely to be more appealing to Americans of all ages, genders, races, and levels of income. Examples of some services tailored to a more Westernized audience which are unique to the American branch of the Higashi Honganji are: ...

Inside the Temple

Center view of the main hall The interior of the temple is very intricate and composed of several different components that all have deep meaning to Buddhism. Starting with the Hondo, or the main hall, it is composed of two areas which are the Najin(altar) and the Gejin (seating area). The altar in a Jodo Shinshu temple is a symbol of the beauty of the Pure Land, which we learned in our Wednesday night study session at the temple is the world of enlightenment and is filled with ornateness and beauty. Contrastingly, the seating area is plain and deliberately is void of any decoration as it represents the world we live in. Close view of the altar There are also various scrolls in the temple that have a specific meaning. The scroll pictured below shows a phrase that members are encouraged to recite that conveys a spiritual mirror for one's awakening.

Brief Introduction to Shin Buddhism in Japan

Shin Buddhism ( Jōdo Shinshū) is one of four popular schools of Buddhism in Japan. Others include : Pure Land Buddhism (aka Shin Buddhism), Nichiren Buddhism, Shingon Buddhism, and Zen Buddhism. Initially, there was some minor conflict between the two traditions, but both are largely able to co-exist peacefully side by side now. Although 90 million Japanese refer to themselves as Buddhists, few actively practice the religion - this means that Buddhism does not affect their everyday life strongly - rather it acts as a set of guiding principles for how to live life, similar to Confucianism or Taoism. The remainder of the Japanese population identify as either Shinto, Christian, or non-practicing.

REL 141g Fall 2018: Higashi Honganji Buddhist Temple

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